Results: At baseline, no differences were present between groups for any measure. The ECC isotonic exercise protocol resulted in a 30% to 36% deficit in muscle strength, a 5% to 7% reduction in elbow flexion, and a 6% to 8% reduction in elbow extension at follow-up days 2 and 4 ( P. Elevations in muscle point tenderness were nearly identical for both exercise protocols. Determining the symptomatic and functional responses to various resistance-training protocols may enable clinicians to prescribe safer and more effective exercise protocols for both healthy and injured individuals.

Dec 13, 2013. During moderate exercise intensity Chapman and Elliott found a significant increase in HR and SBP during DE, while DBP was highest during SE [18]. Nevertheless they concluded that when the same muscle groups are used the effect of the exercise modes on cardiovascular response is more similar than. The majority of these studies used isokinetic(4-6) or hydraulic equipment(7-9), while only a few used isotonic equipments(10-13), more commonly available for. Speed resistance exercises for velocity-specific strength gains. J Appl Sport Sci Res. Morrissey MC, Harman EA, Frykman PN, Han KH.

A primary goal of postinjury rehabilitation is to recover, and possibly to increase, muscle strength after injury. –, When prescribing resistance training protocols for healthy or injured populations, resistance exercises that combine concentric and eccentric muscle actions are typically implemented. Both types of muscle actions are generally performed with similar absolute intensities; however, a 40% to 50% greater load can be performed during maximal eccentric muscle actions than during maximal concentric actions., This indicates that the eccentric phase of exercise is underloaded throughout typical resistance exercise. Additionally, researchers have shown that when the same amount of torque is produced by a muscle during concentric and eccentric contractions, fewer motor units are recruited during the eccentric contraction. Several authors,, have indicated that, when compared with concentric actions of equal absolute exercise intensities, eccentric-only (ECC) actions promote greater neural activation,,,, skeletal muscle hypertrophy,,,, and muscle-tendon and ligament stiffness, indicating that eccentric exercise may be a superior resistance-training method and may also be beneficial during postinjury rehabilitation. Further, Kaminski et al suggested that enhanced eccentric exercise may reduce the risk of musculotendinous injury or reinjury during high-intensity activities by improving the muscle-tendon's ability to withstand force and strain without failing.

However, eccentric exercise may also elevate the magnitude of exercise-induced myofiber damage,,,, which may delay or limit full structural and functional recovery during physical rehabilitation and training. Thus, systematic evaluations of the safety and efficacy of exercise protocols that involve overloaded eccentric muscle actions appear necessary before these protocols can be implemented in recreation or rehabilitation settings.

Recently, investigators –, have shown that rehabilitation protocols involving eccentric-resistance exercises, performed with either free weights or an isokinetic dynamometer, are effective in increasing functional capacity and decreasing muscular pain. File Small Claims Court Mississippi on this page. However, care must be taken when implementing eccentric exercise, as individuals may develop exercise-induced muscle damage and its associated symptoms, including muscle soreness, loss in range of motion (ROM), and reduced muscle strength.,, The exact mechanisms underlying delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) remain unknown, but evidence now indicates that DOMS is related to the secondary cascade of tissue damage. Secondary tissue damage occurs after an injury in which damaged cells release chemical mediators, such as cytokines and proteolytic enzymes associated with the acute inflammatory response., Studies designed to compare the magnitude of exercise-induced muscle damage and associated symptoms after different modes of eccentric exercise may lead to improvements in the design and implementation of rehabilitative exercise protocols. Two common exercise protocols that involve overloaded eccentric muscle actions are ECC isotonic exercise, which uses constant supramaximal external resistance, and combined concentric-eccentric (CON-ECC) isokinetic exercise, which uses constant angular velocities. Cioscorp Online Installer V10 more. Researchers –, have examined eccentric exercise and overall outcome goals, such as functional capacity and ability to return to activity, but the short-term muscle strength, muscle soreness, and ROM responses to different modes of eccentric exercise have not been investigated in either healthy or injured populations. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to compare functional and symptomatic responses (ie, muscle strength, ROM, and muscle point tenderness) after an ECC isotonic protocol and after a CON-ECC isokinetic exercise protocol in healthy individuals matched for total training volume.