Methods We evaluated data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–1999, a representative prospective cohort of 7738 participants who were in kindergarten in 1998 in the United States. Weight and height were measured seven times between 1998 and 2007. Of the 7738 participants, 6807 were not obese at baseline; these participants were followed for 50,396 person-years. We used standard thresholds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to define “overweight” and “obese” categories. We estimated the annual incidence of obesity, the cumulative incidence over 9 years, and the incidence density (cases per person-years) overall and according to sex, socioeconomic status, race or ethnic group, birth weight, and kindergarten weight. Results When the children entered kindergarten (mean age, 5.6 years), 12.4% were obese and another 14.9% were overweight; in eighth grade (mean age, 14.1 years), 20. The Almost Fear Inside Our Bones Download Free here. 8% were obese and 17.0% were overweight. The annual incidence of obesity decreased from 5.4% during kindergarten to 1.7% between fifth and eighth grade.

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Overweight 5-year-olds were four times as likely as normal-weight children to become obese (9-year cumulative incidence, 31.8% vs. 7.9%), with rates of 91.5 versus 17.2 per 1000 person-years. Among children who became obese between the ages of 5 and 14 years, nearly half had been overweight and 75% had been above the 70th percentile for body-mass index at baseline. Childhood obesity is a major health problem in the United States. The prevalence of a body-mass index (BMI; the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) at the 95th percentile or higher among children between the ages of 6 and 11 years increased from 4.2% in 1963–1965 to 15.3% in 1999–2000 and may have plateaued during the first decade of the 21st century. Although trends in the prevalence of obesity are documented, surprisingly little is known about the incidence of childhood obesity. Examining incidence may provide insights into the nature of the epidemic, the critically vulnerable ages, and the groups at greatest risk for obesity.